為認真貫徹(che)落實國務院安委會十五條硬(ying)措(cuo)(cuo)施和省委、省政府“八抓(zhua)20條”創新舉(ju)(ju)措(cuo)(cuo)，強化(hua)安全生產(chan)有獎(jiang)舉(ju)(ju)報工(gong)作(zuo)，規范舉(ju)(ju)報受理(li)流(liu)程，2023年3月8日，省應急(ji)(ji)廳、工(gong)業和信息(xi)化(hua)廳、自然資源廳、住房(fang)城鄉建設廳、交通運(yun)輸廳、市場監管局、能源局、消防救(jiu)援總隊等(deng)8部門聯(lian)合出臺(tai)了(le)《山(shan)東(dong)省安全生產(chan)舉(ju)(ju)報受理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)》（魯應急(ji)(ji)發〔2023〕1號(hao)，以下簡稱《辦(ban)法(fa)》）。現解讀如下：

一、制定背景

近(jin)年來，社會公眾對安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)關注度(du)越來越高，群眾舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)積極性不斷(duan)提高，舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)接辦量(liang)(liang)和(he)獎(jiang)勵金(jin)額(e)不斷(duan)攀升。通過舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)渠道(dao)，從企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)源頭有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)遏制(zhi)(zhi)避免(mian)了(le)事故(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)，將事故(gu)隱患(huan)消除在(zai)萌芽狀態，將違(wei)(wei)法(fa)行(xing)(xing)為及(ji)時予(yu)以制(zhi)(zhi)止，嚴厲制(zhi)(zhi)裁被(bei)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)核(he)實企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，對各類(lei)違(wei)(wei)法(fa)違(wei)(wei)規(gui)(gui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)起到強(qiang)烈的震(zhen)懾(she)和(he)警示作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，倒逼企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)落實主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)，主(zhu)動整改問題隱患(huan)，有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)護航和(he)保障了(le)安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。但在(zai)具體工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中仍存(cun)在(zai)諸多問題，比如，無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)仍大(da)量(liang)(liang)存(cun)在(zai)，甚至(zhi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)、惡意舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)等現象，造成大(da)量(liang)(liang)行(xing)(xing)政資源浪(lang)費；受理(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)不健全、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流程不規(gui)(gui)范，引發(fa)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)人(ren)提起行(xing)(xing)政復議；大(da)量(liang)(liang)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)數據(ju)利用(yong)不充分，價值(zhi)挖掘不深入，安(an)全監管支(zhi)撐作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)發(fa)揮不夠。為進(jin)一步破(po)解難(nan)題，從源頭規(gui)(gui)范有(you)獎(jiang)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，在(zai)認真總結并(bing)歸納提煉先進(jin)經驗做法(fa)后(hou)形成《辦法(fa)》，便于規(gui)(gui)范和(he)指導全省安(an)全生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)受理(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。

二、制定依據

主要依據了(le)《中(zhong)華人民共和國(guo)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)法》《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)事故報(bao)(bao)(bao)告和調查(cha)處理(li)條(tiao)例》（國(guo)務院令第493號(hao)）、《國(guo)務院安(an)(an)(an)(an)委會關于進一步強化(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)責任(ren)落實堅決(jue)防(fang)范遏制(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)特(te)大事故的(de)(de)若干措施》（安(an)(an)(an)(an)委〔2022〕6號(hao)）、《應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)管理(li)部安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)舉(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)辦(ban)理(li)工(gong)作程序(xu)（試(shi)行(xing)）》（應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)廳〔2022〕30號(hao)）和《山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)條(tiao)例》、省(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)廳等(deng)9部門《山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)舉(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)獎(jiang)勵辦(ban)法》（魯應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)〔2021〕3號(hao)）、省(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)廳等(deng)12部門《關于強化(hua)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)有獎(jiang)舉(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)作嚴肅違法企業責任(ren)追究的(de)(de)意(yi)見》（魯應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)〔2022〕3號(hao)）、省(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)廳等(deng)9部門《關于推行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)有獎(jiang)舉(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)“吹哨人”制(zhi)(zhi)度的(de)(de)意(yi)見》（魯應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)字〔2022〕86號(hao)）以(yi)及省(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)廳、省(sheng)(sheng)政(zheng)府安(an)(an)(an)(an)委辦(ban)《山東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)舉(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)核查(cha)辦(ban)法》（魯應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)(ji)字〔2022〕149號(hao)）等(deng)法規文件規定。

三、制定過程

省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)急廳(ting)在(zai)前期(qi)研究制定有(you)(you)獎(jiang)舉報有(you)(you)關(guan)文件(jian)基礎上，充(chong)分學習吸收借鑒了(le)外省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)內各(ge)市有(you)(you)關(guan)文件(jian)規定，于2023年1月(yue)份，起草完(wan)成了(le)《山東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安全生產舉報受(shou)理(li)辦法（征(zheng)(zheng)求(qiu)意見(jian)稿）》。2月(yue)上旬(xun)，陸續征(zheng)(zheng)求(qiu)了(le)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)應(ying)急廳(ting)各(ge)處室單(dan)位(wei)和(he)16市應(ying)急局意見(jian)，并(bing)進一步修改(gai)完(wan)善。2月(yue)中(zhong)旬(xun)，征(zheng)(zheng)求(qiu)了(le)擬聯合發文的7家(jia)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)關(guan)部(bu)門、單(dan)位(wei)意見(jian)，經(jing)過反復溝通銜(xian)接和(he)修改(gai)完(wan)善后達成共識，形(xing)成《山東省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)安全生產舉報受(shou)理(li)辦法（會簽(qian)(qian)稿）》。2月(yue)下旬(xun)，送省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工業和(he)信息(xi)化廳(ting)、省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)自(zi)然資源廳(ting)等7家(jia)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)關(guan)單(dan)位(wei)會簽(qian)(qian)。經(jing)過會簽(qian)(qian)，形(xing)成公布稿，并(bing)于3月(yue)8日印(yin)發。

四、主要內容

一(yi)是(shi)創新推(tui)動(dong)形成舉(ju)報監管(guan)(guan)工作合力。《辦(ban)法》采取8部門聯合發(fa)文形式，對相關(guan)行業領域生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安全(quan)事(shi)故(gu)隱患(huan)、安全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)違法行為、謊報瞞報生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安全(quan)事(shi)故(gu)受(shou)理做(zuo)出(chu)規范，提高受(shou)理質量和辦(ban)理效(xiao)率，進一(yi)步深化管(guan)(guan)行業必須(xu)管(guan)(guan)安全(quan)，凝聚(ju)舉(ju)報受(shou)理共識，健(jian)全(quan)協(xie)調聯動(dong)機制，各盡其職(zhi)，形成監管(guan)(guan)合力，及時消(xiao)除隱患(huan)、查處違法行為。

二是創新規(gui)定(ding)舉(ju)報受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)基礎能力建(jian)設(she)要求。《辦(ban)法(fa)》明(ming)確舉(ju)報受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)機(ji)構建(jian)設(she)和信息(xi)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)，要求各級(ji)有關部門應(ying)當明(ming)確承辦(ban)安全(quan)生產舉(ju)報受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)工作(zuo)的(de)機(ji)構，確保受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)人員的(de)穩定(ding)性、專業(ye)性，建(jian)立健全(quan)舉(ju)報受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)工作(zuo)機(ji)制，在各自(zi)的(de)職責范圍內對(dui)有關行業(ye)、領域的(de)舉(ju)報事項依法(fa)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)。建(jian)立健全(quan)舉(ju)報受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)信息(xi)外部接(jie)收(shou)和內部運轉系(xi)統平臺，綜合運用(yong)大數(shu)據(ju)、云計算等信息(xi)化(hua)手段(duan)，逐步實現數(shu)據(ju)整合、信息(xi)共享(xiang)、資(zi)源共用(yong)，提高信息(xi)化(hua)的(de)統計分(fen)析(xi)、形勢研判(pan)和輔助決策能力。

三是創新建立死亡事(shi)(shi)故(gu)提級舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)制度。為(wei)避免死亡事(shi)(shi)故(gu)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)核(he)查(cha)過程中，縣級部門(men)(men)因種種原因，干(gan)擾較多，查(cha)辦案(an)件(jian)難度較大(da)，不能有(you)效(xiao)查(cha)處案(an)件(jian)。同(tong)時，為(wei)了(le)對基(ji)層政府和部門(men)(men)組織參與(yu)死亡事(shi)(shi)故(gu)謊(huang)報(bao)(bao)瞞(man)報(bao)(bao)進行有(you)效(xiao)監督、制約和震懾，明確對于謊(huang)報(bao)(bao)瞞(man)報(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)產安全死亡事(shi)(shi)故(gu)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)，舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)人可(ke)以(yi)直接向設區的市以(yi)上應急部門(men)(men)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)根(gen)據事(shi)(shi)故(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)行業、領域不同(tong)，向設區的市以(yi)上其他有(you)關部門(men)(men)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)。

四是創新細化舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)渠道受(shou)理準則(ze)。《辦法(fa)》對(dui)(dui)(dui)主要(yao)的(de)(de)網絡、電話、信函、現(xian)(xian)場等舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)形式，結合工(gong)作實(shi)際(ji)逐一做出受(shou)理說明(ming)(ming)，比如(ru)對(dui)(dui)(dui)采用電話形式舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)，受(shou)理人(ren)員對(dui)(dui)(dui)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)安全事(shi)(shi)故隱患、安全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)違法(fa)行為舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)，應(ying)當注(zhu)重(zhong)詢問(wen)事(shi)(shi)故隱患部位、違法(fa)事(shi)(shi)實(shi)、違法(fa)時限以及舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)人(ren)能夠提供的(de)(de)證(zheng)據材料或者有效線索(suo)等信息(xi)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)于謊報(bao)(bao)瞞報(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)安全事(shi)(shi)故舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)，應(ying)當注(zhu)重(zhong)詢問(wen)事(shi)(shi)故發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時間、地(di)點位置(zhi)、簡要(yao)經過、傷亡人(ren)員信息(xi)、現(xian)(xian)場見證(zheng)人(ren)、救(jiu)治醫院、殯(bin)儀火化地(di)點、事(shi)(shi)故善后工(gong)作人(ren)員或者謊報(bao)(bao)瞞報(bao)(bao)經辦人(ren)員等信息(xi)。同時，《辦法(fa)》還根據工(gong)作實(shi)際(ji)，充分考(kao)慮無效舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)、職業舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)等現(xian)(xian)實(shi)問(wen)題，在充分調研并(bing)廣泛征求意(yi)見基礎之上，明(ming)(ming)確(que)6種不予(yu)受(shou)理舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)事(shi)(shi)項情(qing)形以及5種不予(yu)受(shou)理的(de)(de)謊報(bao)(bao)瞞報(bao)(bao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)安全事(shi)(shi)故舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)事(shi)(shi)項情(qing)形。

五是(shi)創(chuang)新詮釋(shi)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報權(quan)利與(yu)義(yi)務的關系。在保障舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報人享有諸多權(quan)利，鼓勵其積(ji)極(ji)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報的前提(ti)下，《辦法》規定(ding)了舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報人義(yi)務，規范(fan)舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報人行為，杜(du)絕不(bu)(bu)(bu)端舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報。舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報人必須履行規定(ding)的舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報義(yi)務，只要(yao)(yao)發現舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報事(shi)項，就有權(quan)利進行舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報。但舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報人在舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報受(shou)理(li)過程(cheng)中應(ying)當(dang)如(ru)實提(ti)供所(suo)掌(zhang)握的舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報事(shi)項的全部情況(kuang)和證據，并對其真實性負責，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)捏(nie)造(zao)、歪(wai)曲(qu)事(shi)實；自覺維護(hu)社會公共(gong)秩(zhi)序(xu)和利益(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)借舉(ju)(ju)(ju)報之名牟(mou)取不(bu)(bu)(bu)當(dang)利益(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)擾亂有關部門正常(chang)工作秩(zhi)序(xu)；對依法依規的正確性受(shou)理(li)結(jie)果應(ying)當(dang)予以尊重，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)無根據提(ti)出不(bu)(bu)(bu)合理(li)要(yao)(yao)求；與(yu)受(shou)理(li)人員溝通交流時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)進行人身(shen)攻擊或者人格(ge)侮(wu)辱。

六是創新加強舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)數(shu)據信(xin)息(xi)應(ying)用。為了解安(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)的基本情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)，為安(an)全生(sheng)產(chan)監管監察(cha)提(ti)供重要支撐，《辦法》要求各級有關部(bu)(bu)門(men)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)建(jian)立舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)受(shou)理信(xin)息(xi)統計報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)表制度。統計報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)表實(shi)行(xing)逐級報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)送(song)，下級部(bu)(bu)門(men)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)定(ding)期(qi)向上級部(bu)(bu)門(men)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)送(song)本區域(yu)舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)受(shou)理信(xin)息(xi)統計數(shu)據和(he)受(shou)理類型、地(di)域(yu)、行(xing)業(ye)等分布情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)。上級部(bu)(bu)門(men)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)定(ding)期(qi)對下級部(bu)(bu)門(men)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)送(song)的信(xin)息(xi)進行(xing)分析，研判舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)作形勢，提(ti)出安(an)全監管和(he)事故防范(fan)工(gong)作建(jian)議；并根據實(shi)際工(gong)作需要，對舉(ju)(ju)報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)受(shou)理工(gong)作情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)進行(xing)通報(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)。